ติดตั้งและตั้งค่า fortigate

คุณต้องเริ่มต้นด้วยการตรวจสอบว่า FortiGate ของคุณมีการติดตั้งและตั้งค่าได้อย่างถูกต้อง สิ่งสำคัญคือต้องตรวจสอบว่าเครื่องมือของคุณมีการเชื่อมต่ออินเทอร์เน็ตและเครือข่ายที่ถูกต้อง

การตรวจสอบการเชื่อมต่ออินเทอร์เน็ตและเครือข่ายนั้นสำคัญมาก เพื่อให้แน่ใจว่า FortiGate ของคุณสามารถรับส่งข้อมูลได้อย่างไม่มีปัญหา นอกจากนี้ยังช่วยให้คุณสามารถตั้งค่า FortiGate ได้อย่างถูกต้องตามความต้องการของคุณ

การวางแผนการใช้งานพอร์ตต่างๆ ควรเริ่มต้นด้วยการกำหนดว่าพอร์ตไหนจะใช้สำหรับวัตถุประสงค์อะไร พอร์ต MGMT ใช้สำหรับการจัดการอุปกรณ์ พอร์ต WAN ใช้สำหรับเชื่อมต่ออินเทอร์เน็ต และพอร์ต LAN ใช้สำหรับเครือข่ายภายใน

การเตรียมข้อมูลที่จำเป็นก่อนเริ่มตั้งค่าคือการเตรียมรายละเอียด IP Address และ Subnet mask สำหรับแต่ละอินเทอร์เฟส ข้อมูล Default Gateway จาก ISP ชื่อที่ต้องการตั้งให้กับอุปกรณ์ FortiGate (Hostname) และข้อมูลการเชื่อมต่อ DNS Server

ต่อไปนี้คือข้อมูลที่จำเป็นในการเตรียม:

การเตรียมข้อมูลเหล่านี้จะช่วยให้คุณสามารถตั้งค่า FortiGate ได้อย่างมีประสิทธิภาพและตอบโจทย์ความต้องการของธุรกิจของคุณ

To get started with your FortiGate, you'll need to set up the basic settings. Begin by connecting your computer to the FortiGate's Management or LAN port using an Ethernet cable. Then, open a web browser and enter the default IP address (usually 192.168.1.99) to access the FortiGate login page.

For the first login, use the username "admin" and leave the password blank or enter the one specified in the manual. Once you're logged in, you'll be prompted to change your password. Choose a strong and memorable password that includes a mix of uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and special characters.

To access the FortiGate's interface, you'll need to log in with your new password.

When choosing DNS servers, consider the default value on the FortiGate, which is the FortiGuard DNS servers. You can also use DNS servers provided by your Internet provider.

Using public DNS servers like Cloudflare, Google, or Quad9 is another option. These servers can offer better performance and security.

Cloudflare, Google, and Quad9 are popular public DNS servers that you can consider using. They often use DNS-based load balancing methods to distribute traffic.

However, keep in mind that using DNS servers far from your location may not provide the best results. This is because DNS lookups can be slower over longer distances.

Related reading: Fortigate Dns Server

Firewall Policies are crucial in setting up a secure network. They determine what traffic is allowed to pass through and what is blocked.

In the context of our setup, we need to configure two types of firewall policies: Outbound and Inbound. These policies will dictate how traffic flows between our local LAN and the Acreto VPN.

A unique perspective: Firewall Fortigate

To create an Outbound policy, we need to specify the source interface, destination interface, source address, and destination address. We can see this in action in Step 4 of our setup, where we set the source interface to the LAN interface IP, destination interface to AcretoGate, and destination address to all.

Here are the key settings for an Outbound policy:

For an Inbound policy, we need to specify the source interface, destination interface, source address, and destination address. We can see this in action in Step 4 of our setup, where we set the source interface to AcretoGate, destination interface to the LAN interface IP, and destination address to AcretoGate_local_grp.

The key difference between Outbound and Inbound policies is the direction of traffic flow. Outbound policies allow traffic to flow out of the LAN and into the Acreto VPN, while Inbound policies allow traffic to flow into the LAN from the Acreto VPN.

For more insights, see: Flush Vpn Tunnel Fortigate

To set up administrative management interfaces on your FortiGate, you'll want to use out-of-band (oob) management interfaces for a clean separation between traffic handling and management parts.

This setup is especially useful if you plan to build an HA cluster later on. In that case, prioritize setting up the HA cluster now, as you'll be able to configure dedicated management interfaces in the cluster settings.

If you choose to use VDOMs, consider setting up a dedicated management VDOM.

You can use the following steps to configure your administrative management interfaces:

By following these steps, you'll be able to set up your administrative management interfaces effectively and efficiently.

Network Configuration is a crucial step in setting up your FortiGate. You'll need to configure your network interfaces, including DHCP servers where required.

Don't forget to disable administrative access where it's not needed, and consider setting static IP addresses on your FortiGate instead of relying on DHCP. This will give you more control over your network.

When deciding between a static interface and a hardware switch, remember that you can always extend the number of ports on your switch in the future. You may also want to configure VLANs in this step, taking into account whether your FortiGate is running in transparent mode.

In some cases, you may need to create custom route entries to ensure traffic exits the correct interface when requesting on-premises corporate resources. This is particularly important for multi-homed Azure VMs.

Setting up a DHCP Server on an interface is a straightforward process. You can do this on a FortiGate device.

To start, go to Network > Interfaces and select the LAN interface you want to enable DHCP Server on. Then, click Edit.

Enabling the DHCP Server is a simple process. Just open the DHCP Server feature.

When configuring the DHCP Server, you'll need to set some specific options. These include setting the DHCP Server to work on the selected interface.

Here are the key settings to configure:

It's worth noting that setting static IP addresses on the FortiGate is recommended instead of acquiring DHCP IP addresses. This will help improve network management.

Related reading: Fortigate Ip

To set routes and internet connection on your FortiGate, you'll need to access the management interface. This is done by connecting your computer to the FortiGate's management or LAN port via a LAN cable, then opening a web browser and typing in the default IP address (usually 192.168.1.99) to access the login page.

For the first login, use the username "admin" and leave the password blank or enter the one specified in the manual. Once logged in, you'll be prompted to change the password to a more secure one that's easy to remember, containing a mix of uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and special characters.

To configure the WAN interface, LAN interface, and VLAN, you'll need to access the Network menu and follow the on-screen instructions.

Setting up a default route is crucial for FortiGate to send data to the correct destination. To do this, go to Network > Static Routes > Create New, then set the Destination IP/Mask to 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0 (meaning all destinations), select the WAN interface, and enter the Gateway IP provided by your ISP.

To ensure a stable internet connection, you should also check the FortiGuard connection by using the ping command. If the connection is stable, you'll receive a response from the server.

Here's a summary of the steps to set up a default route:

By following these steps, you'll be able to set up a stable internet connection on your FortiGate and ensure that data is sent to the correct destination.

When configuring network interfaces, it's essential to disable administrative access where it's not needed. This will help prevent unauthorized access to your network.

To configure your network interfaces, you'll need to decide whether to enable a static interface natively or create a hardware switch to extend the number of ports on your switch. This will make it easier to add more ports in the future.

You may also want to configure VLANs (Virtual Local Area Networks) in this step. If your FortiGate is running in transparent mode, don't forget to set the forward domain on VLAN interfaces.

Discover more: Configure Ips Fortigate

It's recommended to set static IP addresses on the FortiGate instead of acquiring DHCP IP addresses. This will provide a more stable and predictable network configuration.

Here are some key considerations for configuring network interfaces:

By following these steps and considerations, you'll be able to configure your network interfaces effectively and ensure a stable and secure network configuration.

Blackhole routes are a useful feature to consider implementing in your network configuration.

They can be especially helpful if you're using private IPv4 networks, as they prevent the FortiGate from sending out traffic to an internal destination address over the WAN interfaces.

This is done by configuring blackhole routes for those subnets, which can be implemented as shown in the following example: a blackhole route might look like 10.0.0.0/24, for instance.

This helps to keep your network traffic organized and prevents unnecessary communication between internal and external networks.

Blackhole routes can be configured in a specific format, similar to the example provided in the article, to effectively block traffic to internal subnets.

The Reverse Path Forwarding Check is a crucial security feature on FortiGate devices. It's set to "loose" by default.

This means that the RPF check allows traffic to pass through even if it doesn't have a valid return path. If you want a more restrictive spoofing filter, you may want to set the RPF check to "strict".

Setting the RPF check to "strict" can help prevent spoofing attacks. Fortinet has created a dedicated KB article describing the FortiGate RPF check and its options.

You can find the KB article here.

Network zones are a convenient way to simplify your network configuration. By grouping multiple interfaces into a single zone, you can create a single policy that applies to all interfaces in that zone.

A network zone contains multiple interfaces, which means you can configure firewall policies from one zone to another, rather than from interface to interface. This approach saves time and reduces complexity.

You can create a network zone by grouping multiple interfaces together, and then create a policy that applies to all interfaces in that zone. For example, you can create a zone called "Local Lan" that includes multiple interfaces, such as lan_interface_ip and AcretoGate_local_1.

Here's a summary of the benefits of using network zones:

By using network zones, you can streamline your network configuration and reduce the time and effort required to manage your network.

Assigning a static public IP address and fully qualified domain name (FQDN) is a crucial step in network configuration. This ensures a consistent user experience and provides a stable connection.

To do this, you'll need to go to the Azure portal and open the settings for your FortiGate VM. From there, select the public IP address and choose the "Static" option to save your changes.

Creating a Host (A) record is also necessary if you own a publicly routable domain name for your environment. This record maps to the public IP address that's been statically assigned, providing a clear connection between the two.

Here's a quick rundown of the steps:

Authentication timeout is an important setting to configure on your network. It determines how long a user can remain authenticated before being prompted to re-authenticate.

To configure the authentication timeout, you'll need to access the Serial Console on your FortiGate VM. This can be done by going to the Azure portal, opening the settings for the FortiGate VM, and selecting Serial Console from the left menu.

Once you're signed in to the Serial Console with the FortiGate VM administrator credentials, you can run the necessary commands to adjust the authentication timeout. Specifically, you'll need to run `config system global` followed by `set remoteauthtimeout 60` and then `end`.

Here are the steps summarized in a concise format:

Implementing SD-WAN on FortiOS 7.2 requires a new configuration from scratch for a seamless experience. This is because the SD-WAN Features have a lot of useful features that are best utilized in a fresh setup.

Moving to SD-WAN from an existing configuration can be time-consuming and requires extra effort, even with the available migration tool in FortiOS 7.2.

Connecting your FortiAnalyzer is a crucial step in setting up your network configuration.

If you have a FortiAnalyzer, you'll need to configure it next. This is indicated in Step 22 of the process.

You'll know you're on the right track when you see the FortiAnalyzer or FortiGate Cloud Connection section.

To set up the security settings for your FortiGate, start by configuring the firewall policy and SSL inspection. This will help you block unwanted traffic and monitor encrypted data.

First, go to Policy & Objects > Firewall Policy > Create New and enable NAT to allow devices inside to access the internet. Then, click OK to save the policy.

Next, configure SSL inspection by going to Security Profiles > SSL/SSH Inspection, creating or editing a profile, and selecting the inspection mode. You can also set up exceptions for websites that don't need to be inspected.

Here's a summary of the steps:

To set up basic security on your FortiGate, you need to configure the firewall policy and SSL inspection. Start by going to Policy & Objects > Firewall Policy > Create New and enable NAT if you want devices inside to access the internet. Click OK to save the policy.

Firewall policies are essential for controlling incoming and outgoing traffic. To create a new policy, go to Policy & Objects > Firewall Policy > Create New and follow these steps:

You can also create a policy for incoming traffic by setting the source interface to the WAN interface and the destination interface to the LAN interface.

SSL inspection is another crucial security feature that helps protect against threats by inspecting encrypted traffic. To enable SSL inspection, go to Security Profiles > SSL/SSH Inspection and follow these steps:

By configuring these security features, you'll be well on your way to securing your FortiGate and protecting your network from threats.

Log settings are crucial for any security setup. You may want to use a hard disk on your FortiGate as log storage.

The default log retention period is 7 days. This may not be sufficient for all setups.

If you need to extend log retention, you can adjust the maximum-log-age setting.

After setting up your FortiGate, it's essential to test and verify that everything is working as expected. You can do this by checking the connection to the internet from within your network.

Try connecting to the internet from an internal device, and see if you can access websites according to the policies you've set. You should also test blocking websites in restricted categories.

To diagnose issues, use the following CLI commands:

Then, try accessing the problematic website or service and observe the results to identify the root cause of the issue.

To redeem the FortiGate license, you'll need to go to Fortinet's product activation page at https://support.fortinet.com. There, you'll create a license file with a .lic extension that you'll need later.

If you've purchased a FortiGate license, you can upload it to the FortiGate VM by following these steps: Go to the FortiGate VM's address, sign in with the administrator credentials, and select the license file created earlier. Select OK and restart the FortiGate VM.

To update the firmware, go to the FortiGate VM's address, sign in with the administrator credentials, and select System > Firmware. From there, you can browse for the firmware file, ignore the warning, and select Backup config and upgrade.

Check this out: Fortinet Fortigate 800d Ngfw End of Life

To install the license for your FortiGate VM, start by accessing the FortiGate VM using its FQDN or public IP address. This will take you to the login page where you'll need to sign in with the administrator credentials provided during deployment.

You may encounter a certificate error, but simply continue past it. Once you're logged in, you'll see a prompt to upload a license if you're using the bring-your-own-license model. This is where you'll upload the license file you created earlier.

To upload the license file, select it from your computer and click "OK". After uploading the license, restart the FortiGate VM to activate the changes.

Once the VM has rebooted, sign in again with your administrator credentials to validate the license. This will ensure everything is working smoothly and your license is active.

To download the firmware for your FortiGate VM, you'll need to sign in to the Fortinet support website.

You can access the website by going to https://support.fortinet.com/.

Once you're signed in, navigate to the Download section and select Firmware Images.

From there, you can download the firmware file you need by selecting the version you want, such as v6.00 > 6.4 > 6.4.2.

You can find the specific firmware file by selecting the HTTPS link on the same row as the file you want to download, such as FGT_VM64_AZURE-v6-build1723-FORTINET.out.

Save the file for later use.

To deploy the FortiGate VM, start by going to the Azure portal and signing in to the subscription where you'll deploy the virtual machine. Make sure you have the necessary credentials ready.

You'll need to create a new resource group or open the existing one where you'll deploy the FortiGate VM. Simply select "Add" to begin the process.

To configure the FortiGate VM, you'll need to select the software plan, either bring-your-own-license or pay-as-you-go, depending on your situation.

Here are the steps to deploy the FortiGate VM:

Deploying a virtual machine is a straightforward process that requires a few clicks in the Azure portal. To get started, sign in to the subscription where you want to deploy the VM.

To create a new resource group, go to the Azure portal and select the option to create a new resource group or open an existing one. From there, click on "Add" to start the VM deployment process.

In the search bar, type "Forti" and select the Fortinet FortiGate Next-Generation Firewall option. Choose your software plan, either bring-your-own-license or pay-as-you-go, and click "Create".

You'll then need to populate the VM configuration, setting the authentication type to Password and providing administrative credentials. Review your settings carefully before clicking "Review + Create" and then "Create" to initiate the deployment.

Here are the steps to deploy the FortiGate VM in a concise list:

Once you've completed these steps, wait for the VM deployment to complete before moving on to the next stage of configuration.

Ensuring your virtual machine has the correct route to on-premises resources is crucial for a seamless experience. You can do this by creating custom route entries that direct traffic to the correct interface.

To create a custom route entry, you need to specify the subnet information where the on-premises resources reside. For example, if the resources are located on the subnet 10.1.0.0/255.255.255.0, you would specify this in the Destination field.

The gateway address on the Azure subnet where port2 is connected is also crucial. Typically, this address ends in 1, as in 10.6.1.1. You would specify this in the Gateway Address field.

The interface you select is also important. In this case, you would select the internal network interface, port2.

Here's a step-by-step guide to creating a custom route entry:

1. Go to the Networking menu.

2. Select Static Routes.

3. Click on Create New.

4. Specify the subnet information where the on-premises resources reside.

5. Specify the gateway address on the Azure subnet.

6. Select the internal network interface, port2.

7. Click OK.

By following these steps, you can ensure that your virtual machine has the correct route to on-premises resources.

Intriguing read: Fortigate Custom Ips Signature

If you're planning to use VDOMs, you'll need to enable VDOM management on your FortiGate.

VDOMs, or Virtual Domains, are a feature that allows you to create separate virtual networks within a single physical device.

Enabling VDOM management on your FortiGate is a crucial step in setting up VDOMs.

To do this, you'll need to follow the instructions in Step 8, where it's mentioned that it's time to enable VDOM management on the FortiGate.

A fresh viewpoint: Virtual Ip in Fortigate

High Availability is a critical feature for FortiGate, especially for businesses that require uninterrupted network connectivity.

You can build your HA cluster if needed, but be aware that the MAC addressing of your FortiGate will change as soon as you enable the HA feature.

Enabling the HA feature can cause issues with modems or switches, so consider turning them off for a minute to flush the MAC table and plug them back in afterwards.

For another approach, see: Fortigate Ha Setup

Remote Work with VPN is a great way to stay connected with your team while working from anywhere.

Using a VPN with Fortigate is a game-changer for remote work, allowing you to block websites by category, such as streaming services, music, and gaming.

One of the benefits of using a Firewall like Fortigate is that you get regular updates to its Application Control, Web Filtering, and AntiVirus signatures.

VPN is a feature that comes with most Firewall brands, including Fortigate, and it's a more flexible option than forwarding ports.

With VPN, you can connect to the system as if you were on the network, and access everything, or limit access to specific resources based on policy.

On Fortigate, you can manage traffic by categorizing it by IP, Subnet, User, Service, Application, or Destination.

For example, you can create a policy that allows the Server Subnet to access the internet at all times.

You can also create policies for specific user groups, such as allowing Managers to access the internet from 8am to 6pm, and Staff from 12pm to 1pm.

But with VPN, you can create policies that allow specific user groups to access certain resources, such as the IT group accessing all Subnets.

Take a look at this: Fortigate Ssl Vpn Configuration

When connecting from outside, it's recommended to use SSL VPN and change the port to 443 to avoid port blocking issues.

Fortigate makes it easy to set up VPN, all you need to do is specify the WAN interface, define the authorized user group, and set the policy.

On the client side, you just need to install FortiClient and point it to the company's IP WAN, or use Dynamic DNS if you don't have a fixed IP.

A fresh viewpoint: Fortigate Ipsec Vpn Setup

To connect your FortiGate managed network to the Acreto Ecosystem, you'll need to use the Command Line Interface (CLI). This article will guide you through the process step by step.

The CLI is a powerful tool that allows you to configure and manage your FortiGate device. It's a must-know for any network administrator.

You can access the CLI by logging into your FortiGate device and typing the command "exec mode". This will put you in the CLI mode where you can start configuring your device.