
Crawling is a crucial milestone in a baby's life, and it's essential for their overall development. Research shows that crawling helps babies develop their motor skills, hand-eye coordination, and balance.
Crawling allows babies to move around and explore their surroundings, which is vital for their cognitive development. By crawling, babies can discover new objects, textures, and sensations, stimulating their brain and encouraging learning.
Babies who crawl earlier tend to have better hand-eye coordination and fine motor skills, which can benefit them in future activities like drawing and playing musical instruments.
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Why Crawling is Important
Crawling is a vital part of a baby's development, and it's essential to understand why it's so crucial. Crawling helps babies develop gross motor skills, which are necessary for future activities like walking, running, and climbing stairs.
Research suggests that babies who don't crawl may exhibit learning difficulties later in life, and fall behind in gross and fine motor skills. If your baby isn't crawling by 9 months, it's a good idea to see a licensed physical therapist to ensure there are no underlying issues.
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Crawling strengthens a baby's muscles, particularly in the shoulders, hips, core, and back. This strength helps prepare the infant for future gross motor skills.
Crawling also helps babies develop fine motor skills, which are essential for tasks like feeding, dressing, and using utensils. The time spent on hands while crawling significantly helps develop strength and stability through the hands, wrists, elbows, and shoulders.
Crawling helps develop the visual system, including eye movements and eye tracking, which are necessary for reading, writing, sports, and driving. It also helps develop hand-eye coordination and depth perception.
In addition to gross and fine motor skills, crawling also helps develop the tactile/touch system, proprioceptive system, and vestibular system. These systems are essential for understanding body awareness, movement, and balance.
Here are some key benefits of crawling:
- Develops gross motor skills, including strength and coordination
- Helps develop fine motor skills, including hand-eye coordination and dexterity
- Develops the visual system, including eye movements and eye tracking
- Helps develop the tactile/touch system, proprioceptive system, and vestibular system
- Prepares the infant for future gross motor skills, like walking and running
By allowing your baby to crawl freely, you're giving them the opportunity to develop these essential skills and set them up for future success. So, give your baby plenty of floor time and let them explore and crawl to their heart's content!
Types of Crawling
Crawling is a vital milestone in a baby's development, and it's not just about getting from one point to another. Babies tend to learn how to crawl by imitating others or finding ways to move quickly in the most comfortable ways.
There are several types of crawling, and some might be more beneficial than others. For example, belly crawling is a common method where the baby keeps their belly against the floor, requiring less strength and balance than criss-cross crawling on hands and knees.
Some babies use belly crawling right up until the moment they walk, while others move to criss-cross crawling before taking their first steps. Criss-cross crawling, also known as contra-lateral or cross-lateral crawling, is vital in developing the corpus callosum, an important pathway in the brain.
Here are some common types of crawling to look out for:
- The bottom scoot: This crawl type is when the baby only uses their hands to scoot backward or forward with their bottom on the ground.
- The bear crawl: The bear crawl is almost the same as crawling on hands and knees, but the child uses their hands and feet while their knees hardly bend or touch the ground.
- The crab crawl: Similar to a crab's inability to move forward, a child might use their hands to scoot sideways while sliding their bottom on the floor.
Benefits for Baby
Crawling is an essential milestone in a baby's life, and it's not just about getting from one point to another. Crawling helps babies develop their sensory awareness by exploring different textures on the floor and understanding the height of objects.
Crawling allows babies to learn and understand their surroundings in a hands-on way, making it an efficient way for them to understand the role of their senses. This exploration helps them develop their cognitive, social, and mobility growth.
Crawling also helps babies develop their fine motor skills, which are small movement tasks that often use hands and fingers. By placing their body weight through their hands, babies strengthen and develop stability through their hands, wrists, elbows, and shoulders.
This strength and stability can help with many fine motor tasks, such as feeding themselves, interacting with toys, and even self-dressing in the future.
Fine Motor Skills
Crawling is an excellent practice for growing babies when honing in on their fine motor skills. The stage of rolling to crawling allows a child to develop more precise movements, allowing their thoughts to turn into actions.
Research suggests that babies who don’t crawl may exhibit learning difficulties later in life and fall behind in gross and fine motor skills. This is why it's crucial for your baby to crawl on hands and knees as much as possible.
Crawling involves placing weight through the arms and hands, which is the longest period in a human’s life where they will be placing their body weight through the hands. This helps to develop strength and stability through the hands, wrists, elbows, and shoulders.
One of the greatest benefits of crawling for your baby is enhancing the following fine motor skills:
- Lifting and turning their neck.
- Stretching their back muscles.
- Improving hand-eye coordination.
- Flexing shoulder movements.
- Using their hands and knees to steer them in the right direction.
Fine motor skills are small movement tasks that often use hands and fingers, and crawling helps with these tasks. This strength and stability through the upper limbs can help the infant feed themselves and interact with toys.
Four-Point Crawling
Four-Point Crawling is a type of crawling where babies use their hands and knees to move around. This is a normal and healthy way for babies to develop their physical skills.
Babies typically begin to crawl around 7 months old, but some may start a bit later. Some babies may even skip crawling altogether and move straight to walking.
To encourage four-point crawling, it's essential to give your baby plenty of tummy time, which helps build their neck, back, and shoulder strength. By placing them on their tummies on the floor, you're allowing them to practice supporting their bodies and get comfortable moving around.
You can also demonstrate crawling in front of your baby to help them learn this new skill. Babies are impressively fast learners, and they use imitation to learn new actions and behaviors. By crawling in front of your child, you're showing them how it's done and giving them a chance to learn from your actions.
Here are some physical therapy-approved tips to help encourage four-point crawling in your baby:
- Expose them to tummy time while playing and awake
- Prop a towel under their chest to provide support
- Make sure their elbows are under their shoulders to allow them to push up
- Give them as much floor time as possible and allow them to explore
Bell Crawling
Belly crawling is a popular method of movement used by babies. About half of all babies will begin crawling on their bellies.
This type of crawling involves keeping your belly against the floor while simultaneously pulling yourself forward. They can use just their arms to pull, by only using one side of their body, or alternating arms and legs, often referred to as army crawling.
Babies who belly crawl tend to begin crawling faster than those who start with four point crawling. This is because belly crawling takes significantly less strength and balance to master.
It's not uncommon for babies to use belly crawling right up until the moment they walk. Others may move on to criss-cross crawling before taking their first steps.
Alternative Methods
Babies are naturally curious and will often experiment with different ways of moving around as they develop their motor skills. Scooting on the bottom is one alternative method of crawling that some babies use.
Experts have observed that babies may use one foot or knee to push or pull as a way to move around. This can be a sign that they're still figuring out how to coordinate their movements.
Crab crawling is another unique way some babies move around, using their arms and legs in a sideways motion. This can be a fun and entertaining way to watch your little one explore their surroundings.
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Leap frogging is a type of movement where babies jump from one place to another, often using their arms to help propel themselves. This can be a sign that they're still developing their balance and coordination skills.
Repetitive rolling is another alternative method of crawling, where babies roll back and forth on the floor to move around. This can be a sign that they're still working on developing their strength and control.
If your baby is using one of these alternative methods, it's a good idea to consult with a pediatric physical therapist for guidance on how to encourage them to start crawling. They can help you identify any underlying issues and provide support and exercises to help your baby develop their motor skills.
What Is Four-Point Crawling?
Four-point crawling is a fundamental movement pattern where an infant or toddler uses their arms and legs to move around on their hands and knees. This position is a crucial milestone in a child's development.
In four-point crawling, the hands and feet are positioned shoulder-width apart, with the hands facing forward and the feet facing backward. This allows for efficient movement and balance.
As a child masters four-point crawling, they begin to develop their hand-eye coordination and spatial awareness. They learn to move their arms and legs in a coordinated manner, creating a smooth and efficient motion.
Four-point crawling is an essential precursor to more advanced crawling styles, such as belly crawling and side crawling. It lays the foundation for a child's ability to move around and explore their environment.
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Potential Consequences
Crawling is a crucial milestone in a baby's development, and missing out on it can have serious consequences.
Research suggests that babies who don’t crawl may exhibit learning difficulties later in life.
Lack of crawling can cause issues for your child later in life, including falling behind in gross and fine motor skills.
If your baby isn’t crawling by 9 months, it's a good idea to see a licensed physical therapist to make sure that there are no underlying issues.
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Frequently Asked Questions
What are the effects of not crawling?
Skipping crawling can impact cognitive development, potentially leading to difficulties with coordination, focus, and learning abilities
Sources
- https://www.kidsspotrehab.com/blog/5-reasons-crawling-is-important-for-a-childs-development/
- https://thefnc.com/research/crawling-is-important-for-childhood-brain-development/
- https://ctdpediatrictherapy.com/why-is-crawling-a-must-and-how-to-encourage-it/
- https://playonpediatric.com/2023/02/13/why-is-proper-crawling-an-important-milestone-for-babies/
- https://littlefeettherapy.com/why-is-crawling-important-in-occupational-therapy-and-physical-therapy/
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