Opt O Optional Practical Training Explained

Optional Practical Training (OPT) is a type of work authorization for international students in the US.

OPT allows students to gain practical work experience in their field of study for up to 12 months.

This valuable experience can be a game-changer for your future career prospects.

You can apply for OPT after completing your degree, or during your final semester of study.

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To be eligible for OPT, you must be maintaining valid F-1 status at the time of application, be enrolled full-time for at least one full academic year in the U.S., and be physically present in the U.S. when the application is submitted online or by mail.

You can file for OPT up to 90 days before the program end date on the Form I-20 and no later than 60 days after the program end date on the Form I-20. This means you have a relatively short window to apply for OPT, so be sure to plan ahead.

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To apply for OPT, you'll need to electronically file the Form I-765 with USCIS online, which requires creating a USCIS online account. You'll be able to upload your documents, pay the I-765 Filing Fee, and submit your application through the online system.

Here are the key requirements for submitting your pre-completion OPT application:

To be eligible for OPT, you must have been enrolled in valid F-1 student status for at least nine months. This means you've been a law-abiding international student in the US for a decent amount of time.

You must also be maintaining valid F-1 status at the time of your application, which is pretty straightforward. Just make sure you're not in a situation that would jeopardize your status.

To qualify for OPT, you should be enrolled full-time for at least one full academic year in the US. This is a non-negotiable requirement, so plan accordingly.

Here are the key eligibility requirements for OPT in a quick rundown:

These requirements are pretty clear-cut, so make sure you meet them before applying for OPT.

Applying for OPT is a straightforward process, but it does require some planning. First, you need to create a USCIS online account at myaccount.uscis.gov. This will allow you to electronically file the Form I-765, which is required for OPT.

To file the Form I-765, you'll need to upload your documents and pay the I-765 Filing Fee through your USCIS account. After submitting your application, you should receive a confirmation that USCIS has received it.

You must submit your pre-completion OPT application within 30 days of the date ISSS enters the recommendation for pre-completion OPT into your SEVIS record. This is a strict deadline, so be sure to check your SEVIS record regularly.

To check USCIS's OPT processing time, visit their processing times website and select the following options: Form I-765, Form Category: Based on a request by a qualified F-1 academic student [(c)(3)], Field Office or Service Center: Potomac Service Center.

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If you want to expedite the USCIS adjudication process, you can request Premium Processing while initially submitting your I-765 or at a later date while the I-765 is pending. This will guarantee that USCIS takes adjudicative action on your case within 30 business days of receiving the premium processing request.

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Requesting and tracking OPT (Optional Practical Training) requests can be a bit confusing, but don't worry, I've got you covered. The status of an OPT request is crucial in determining what actions can be taken next.

OPT Request Statuses are used to identify the stages of OPT requests in SEVIS. There are six statuses: Requested, Pending, Approved, Denied, Canceled, and Withdrawn.

The Requested status means the DSO (Designated School Official) has requested OPT in SEVIS, but USCIS (United States Citizenship and Immigration Services) hasn't yet received the Application for Employment Authorization (Form I-765). This is the only status where an OPT request can be canceled.

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Here's a breakdown of the OPT Request Statuses:

Once an OPT request is in the Pending status, it can't be canceled. However, it can be withdrawn, which means USCIS will approve the student's request to withdraw the Form I-765.

Regulations and policy play a crucial role in OPT, and it's essential to understand the rules and guidance that apply.

Complex rules and regulations govern OPT requests in SEVIS, and DSOs must be aware of these to ensure compliance.

8 CFR 214.2(f)(10) through (13) outlines specific regulations that DSOs must follow when processing OPT requests.

SEVP Policy Guidance on OPT provides additional guidance for DSOs to ensure they are meeting federal regulations.

Understanding SEVP Policy Guidance: Practical Training – Determining a Direct Relationship between Employment and a Student’s Major Area of Study is also crucial for DSOs to make informed decisions.

Complex rules and policy guidance apply to OPT, and any requests entered into SEVIS must comply with federal regulations.

DSOs must understand the regulations outlined in 8 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 214.2(f)(10) through (13).

Compliance with 8 CFR 274a.12(c)(3) is also crucial for DSOs.

To ensure accuracy, DSOs must familiarize themselves with SEVP Policy Guidance on OPT.

Understanding the relationship between employment and a student's major area of study is essential, as outlined in SEVP Policy Guidance: Practical Training – Determining a Direct Relationship between Employment and a Student’s Major Area of Study.

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Data privacy is a crucial aspect of regulations and policy. In some cases, users are forced to actively opt-out of data collection when creating an account.

Pre-ticked checkboxes on sign-up pages can be misleading, making it seem like opting-in is the default choice.

This can lead to users unknowingly sharing their personal details with companies. It's essential to be aware of these tactics to protect your data.

The opt-out example on a sign-up page shows how users have to actively unselect the checkboxes to opt-out when creating their account.

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OPT is available in three general types, each with its own unique characteristics. There's OPT for students engaged in post-secondary schools or at conservatories, which offers 12 months of Regular OPT for each higher level of study.

A student may have 12 months for a bachelor's degree and another 12 months for a master's degree, for example. This type of OPT is a great option for students who want to gain practical experience in their field.

There are also two OPT extension options: 24-month (STEM) OPT Extension and Cap-Gap OPT Extension. The 24-month (STEM) OPT Extension is available for students who majored in designated Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) degrees approved by DHS. This type of OPT is a 24-month extension of OPT.

Here are the three types of OPT:

There are three general types of OPT. Each type has its own specific requirements and benefits.

OPT is available for students engaged in post-secondary schools or at conservatories. Twelve months of Regular OPT is available for each higher level of study. For example, a student may have 12 months for a bachelor's degree and another 12 months for a master's degree.

The 24-month (STEM) OPT Extension is for students who majored in designated Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) degrees approved by DHS. This type of OPT is a 24-month extension of OPT.

The Cap-Gap OPT Extension is for students whose prospective employers filed a qualifying H-1B-cap subject petition.

Here are the three types of OPT in a nutshell:

You can be unemployed for a total of 90 days while on post-completion OPT.

A student on post-completion OPT is expected to be employed, but can be unemployed for a short period.

If your SEVIS record lacks employer information, you're considered unemployed.

SEVP officials can manually terminate your OPT if you accrue 90 total days of unemployment.

Here are some key facts to keep in mind:

The length of authorization for Optional Practical Training (OPT) is a crucial aspect to understand, as it determines how long you can work in the US after completing your studies.

The initial post-completion period for OPT is 12 months, minus any time used for pre-completion OPT. This means that if you used some of your OPT time before completing your program, you'll have fewer months left for post-completion OPT.

You can apply for OPT up to 60 days after the end of your program, and the employment authorization will begin on the date requested or the date it's approved, whichever is later.

If you have a STEM degree, you might be eligible for a 24-month extension, but this is a bit more complicated. You'll need to be hired by an employer enrolled in the E-Verify program and apply for the extension on Form I-765 with a fee.

Here's a summary of the OPT authorization periods:

It's also worth noting that if you begin a new degree program at a higher level, you might be eligible for an additional 12-month period of OPT.

Reporting Requirements can be overwhelming, but understanding what's expected can make a big difference.

You'll need to file a report with the opt o board within 30 days of a change in your circumstances.

This report must include any changes to your address, income, or family status.

Traveling while on pre-completion OPT is allowed, but it's essential to review your I-94 arrival record every time you re-enter the U.S. to ensure your entry was recorded properly.

You'll need to check your biographical information, Class of Admission (F-1), and Admit until Date (D/S) on your I-94 record.

If you plan to travel through an intermediary country, you may require a transit visa. Don't rely on ISSS for visa procedures or application requirements, as they can only provide guidance on USCIS-related matters.

You can request a new pre-completion OPT application for each period of OPT you need, such as switching from full-time to part-time OPT.

To do this, you'll need to submit a new Pre-Completion OPT I-20 Request Form to ISSS for each period.

If you're considering transferring your SEVIS record to another institution, consult ISSS about the implications for your pre-completion OPT work authorization.

Remember to file a separate pre-completion OPT application with USCIS for each period you request.

SEVIS will automatically extend post-completion OPT if an employer files an eligible H-1B petition to change the student's status on or after April 1, with a requested start date for the H-1B of October 1.

The OPT or 17-month OPT extension must end on or after April 1 for the automatic extension to occur.

SEVIS also automatically extends the 24-month science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) extension of OPT under the same conditions.

The H-1B Cap-Gap Extension can be a lifesaver for students who are in the process of transitioning from OPT to an H-1B visa.

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To qualify, an employer must file an eligible H-1B petition to change the student's status on or after April 1. This petition must request a start date of October 1 for the H-1B.

The student's OPT or 24-month STEM extension must end on or after April 1 for the cap-gap extension to kick in.

If you're wondering how to add or edit cap gap information on a record, be sure to review the F-1 Cap Gap Extension article for more information.

Here are the specific requirements for an H-1B Cap-Gap Extension:

Sevis Alerts are a crucial tool for DSOs to monitor and manage students on OPT. They help identify potential issues and ensure compliance with regulations.

The Accrued Unemployment Days for Students on Approved OPT or STEM Alert List shows students who have exceeded the allowed number of unemployment days. This list is triggered when employer start and end dates fall outside the actual start and end dates of employment.

Students who have requested, pending, or approved OPT can be found on the Students with Requested, Pending, or Approved Optional Practical Training (OPT) Student List. This list provides a snapshot of students in various stages of the OPT process.

Students who have been terminated for exceeding the maximum number of days of unemployment appear on the Students Terminated for Exceeding the Maximum Number of Days of Unemployment Student List.

Here are the three types of SEVIS Alerts and Lists mentioned:

If OPT information in SEVIS doesn't reflect applications filed with or decisions made by USCIS, DSOs can ask to have the record corrected. There are two ways to correct data in a student record.

To edit OPT information, click on the OPT Request on the Student Information page. This will open the OPT Employment page. From there, click Edit to the right of the OPT segment to be edited, and the Edit OPT Employment page will open.

The fields that can be edited include the student meeting or will meet the one full academic year requirement by the employment start date, full-time or part-time status, student remarks, and employment remarks.

Canceling or withdrawing an OPT request can be a bit tricky, but don't worry, I've got the lowdown.

You can only cancel an OPT request in SEVIS if it's in the Requested status. This means the DSO has already submitted the request, but USCIS hasn't received the Form I-765 yet.

If your OPT request is in the Requested status, you can cancel it in SEVIS. This will update the status to Canceled.

The table below shows the statuses for OPT requests and what they mean:

If you try to cancel your OPT request when it's not in the Requested status, it won't work. You'll need to wait until the status changes to Requested before you can cancel it.

Correcting data in a student's record is a crucial process that can be done through SEVIS. DSOs can ask to have the record corrected if OPT information does not reflect applications filed with or decisions made by USCIS.

There are two ways to correct data in a student record. The first way is through the Edit OPT Request process.

To edit OPT information, click OPT Request on the Student Information page. The OPT Employment page opens. Click Edit to the right of the OPT segment to be edited. The Edit OPT Employment page opens.

You can make any necessary edits in the Edit OPT Employment page. The page includes fields such as The student has met or will meet the one full academic year requirement by the employment start date and Full-Time/Part-Time. You can select either full-time or part-time employment.

You can also enter or update remarks regarding the student in the Student Remarks field. Note that comments entered here overwrite any existing remarks that print in the Remarks field on page one of the Form I-20.

If you need to enter any applicable remarks about the student's employment, you can do so in the Employment Remarks field.

After making any necessary edits, you can click either Save or Cancel. If you click Save, the edit will be updated in the student's record. If you click Cancel, the edit will not be saved.

Once you click Save, you will see an Update Successful message if the edit was successful. You can then click either Print I-20 or Return to Employment List.

To recommend OPT, DSOs must be mindful of several key dates, including the one full academic year requirement and the program end date. This requirement ensures that students have completed their studies before applying for OPT.

DSOs should verify and shorten the program end date on the Form I-20 before recommending a student for post-completion OPT. This is crucial to avoid any issues with the OPT application.

To recommend OPT, click OPT Request and enter the necessary information, including the student's employment start and end dates, and OPT type. The start date for post-completion OPT must be on or after the program end date and cannot be more than 60 days after the program end date.

Here are the key fields to complete when recommending OPT:

To edit an OPT request, simply click on the request and make the necessary changes.

Volunteering is donating time with an organization whose primary purpose is charitable or humanitarian in nature, without any kind of remuneration.

To qualify as a legitimate volunteer activity, the organization must comply with applicable federal and state labor laws.

Engaging in unpaid internships can be considered employment for purposes of the initial 12-month period of F-1 post-completion Optional Practical Training (OPT), and can be reported in SEVIS as valid OPT employment.

The Department of Labor website contains resources on what constitute legitimate volunteer activities.

You must consult with your OVIS advisor before accepting an opportunity to ensure it complies with immigration regulations and doesn't violate your status.

To recommend Practical Training, also known as OPT, you'll need to follow some key guidelines. SEVIS will not allow you to request overlapping segments of OPT, so make sure to specify if the OPT is pre-completion or post-completion and if it's full or part-time.

When recommending OPT, you should verify and shorten the program end date on the Form I-20 if necessary. This ensures the student's OPT authorization is accurate and up-to-date.

If a student plans to split their OPT time between degree programs at the same education level, you should explicitly note this in SEVIS. This includes limiting the requested OPT validity dates for each degree program to the planned duration.

To recommend OPT, click OPT Request and enter the relevant information. This includes specifying the OPT type, full-time or part-time status, start date, and end date.

Here are the key fields to complete when recommending OPT:

Remember to enter the start date on or after the Program End Date for post-completion OPT, and no more than 60 days after the Program End Date. Also, be sure to enter the correct end date in the correct format.

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To submit your pre-completion OPT application, you'll need to create a USCIS online account at myaccount.uscis.gov and upload your documents, pay the I-765 Filing Fee, and submit your application through the online system.

You must have your EAD in hand and be in your authorized period of pre-completion OPT to begin working. USCIS must receive your pre-completion OPT application within 30 days of the date ISSS enters the recommendation for pre-completion OPT into your SEVIS record.

You can check USCIS's OPT processing time by going to their processing times website and selecting the following drop-down menu items: Form: I-765 Application for Employment Authorization, Form Category: Based on a request by a qualified F-1 academic student [(c)(3)], Field Office or Service Center: Potomac Service Center.

Premium Processing is a USCIS service that expedites the adjudication of OPT applications. If you pay for premium processing, USCIS commits to taking adjudicative action on your case within 30 business days of receiving the premium processing request.

While your pre-completion OPT application is pending, pay attention to receipt notices, mail (electronic and USPS), and notifications from USCIS. Contact ISSS if your pre-completion OPT application is rejected, denied, or if you receive a Request for Evidence (RFE).

Here's a checklist of things to be watching for while your pre-completion OPT application is pending:

You can depart the U.S. with a pending pre-completion OPT application, but be sure you have your pre-completion OPT I-20 with a valid travel signature, and active visa.