CERNET: China's Education and Research Network

CERNET, short for China Education and Research Network, is a high-speed network designed specifically for the country's educational and research institutions. It was launched in 1994.

CERNET's primary goal is to provide a fast and reliable network for the exchange of information and collaboration among researchers and students. This is crucial for advancing knowledge and innovation in China.

CERNET's backbone is built with advanced fiber-optic cables, ensuring high-speed connectivity across the country. This infrastructure supports a wide range of applications, from online learning platforms to high-performance computing services.

Broaden your view: National Research and Education Network

CERNET has a four-layer hierarchy, consisting of a nationwide backbone, regional networks, provincial networks, and campus networks. This structure allows for efficient management and operation of the network.

The CERNET National Center is located in Tsinghua University and is responsible for operating and managing the nationwide backbone. Ten regional network centers and main nodes are distributed across top universities in China, responsible for regional backbone operations.

For another approach, see: Comcast Regional Sports Networks

Regional network centers play a crucial role in the CERNET project, managing regional information and development. They also aggregate IP addresses, ensuring efficient network operations.

The CERNET network has a clear distribution of responsibility, making implementation ahead of schedule. This efficient management is a key factor in the network's success.

Here are the locations of the regional Network Operation Centers (NOCs):

The CERNET network has a four-layer hierarchy, consisting of the nationwide backbone, regional networks, provincial networks, and campus networks. This structure allows for efficient management and operation of the network.

The CERNET National Center is located in Tsinghua University, which is responsible for the operation and management of the CERNET backbone nationwide. This central hub plays a crucial role in maintaining the network's overall performance.

Regional network centers are distributed across the country, with ten main nodes located in prominent universities such as Tsinghua University, Peking University, and Shanghai Jiaotong University. These centers are responsible for the operation, management, planning, and construction of CERNET regional backbones.

CERNET provincial nodes are distributed among 38 universities in 36 cities around the country. This widespread presence allows for better connectivity and access to the network.

Here's a breakdown of the CERNET's regional network centers:

The regional network centers play a vital role in managing the network and ensuring its smooth operation.

Project management is a crucial aspect of any successful project. Due to the clear distribution of responsibility, the CERNET project is very efficient.

Effective project management allows for smooth implementation, and in the case of the CERNET project, implementation is ahead of schedule.

Localization is crucial for CERNET's development, as most home pages are written in both Chinese and English to cater to a broader audience.

The Chinese language has different coding schemes, such as GB and BIG, which can cause compatibility issues. Standards for exchanging codes have been proposed and implemented.

For example, Chinese exchanging codes named ISO-2022-CN and ISO-2022-CN/EXT have been submitted to the Internet under the APNG internationalization sub-working group.

To facilitate searching and indexing of Chinese documents, specialized tools have been developed, such as the one available at http://www.chisa.edu.cn/~zhli.

CERNET is the experiment platform for China to study next generation Internet applications, playing a major role in the China Next Generation Internet effort.

It has set up an IPv6 experiment platform with nationwide coverage, and joined 6bone in 1998, becoming a backbone member in November of the same year.

CERNET is the first in China to interconnect with Internet2, providing users with easy access to it.

CERNET has published over a hundred academic papers both at home and abroad, representing a significant achievement in IT competence fostering.

Researchers from CERNET and partner organizations worked together on the "State Key Sci-tech Breakthrough Project during Ninth Five-Year Plan Period", producing a notable body of work.

CERNET supports and guarantees the implementation of important Internet application projects in China, such as the on-line enrollment and admission system that played a crucial role in the 2000 admission season.

This system helped streamline the admission process for universities across the country.

CERNET enhances China's information infrastructure, shortening the gap between China and the west in the information industry, and plays a pioneer role in China's information initiative.

For another approach, see: Next Generation Mobile Networks

Keywords play a crucial role in data and research.

A well-crafted keyword can help researchers narrow down their search results and find relevant data.

Data is often tagged with keywords to make it easily searchable and accessible.

Some common keywords in data and research include "demographics", "behavioral data", and "market trends."

Researchers use keywords to identify patterns and correlations in large datasets.

In the context of data visualization, keywords can help researchers create clear and concise labels for their charts and graphs.

The use of keywords can also improve the discoverability of research papers and studies on academic databases.

Discover more: Data Communication

By the end of 2000, CERNET's bandwidth had reached an impressive 2.5 Gbit/s, making it a significant player in the world of high-speed internet.

CERNET had established connections with 12 global and regional channels, including the United States, Canada, the UK, Germany, Japan, and Hong Kong, with an international gateway bandwidth of over 250 Mbit/s.

Worth a look: Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation

The regional networks had a transmission rate of 155 Mbit/s, enabling efficient data transfer between institutions.

More than 2,000 education and research institutions had connected to CERNET, providing access to a vast network of resources and opportunities.

This extensive network supported over 1.2 million PCs and 20 million end users, demonstrating the growing importance of CERNET in the Chinese education and research landscape.

Here's a summary of CERNET's impressive statistics:

CERNET is an experiment platform for China to study next generation of Internet applications, playing a major role in the China Next Generation Internet effort.

Relying on current network facilities and technical competence, CERNET has set up the IPv6, an experiment platform with nationwide coverage.

In 1998, CERNET joined 6bone, an experimental IP-based network of next generation, and became a backbone member of it in November.

CERNET is the first in China that interconnects with Internet2, the next generation of Internet, providing its users with an easy access to Internet2.

CERNET is an important cultivation base for information and network professionals in China, publishing over one hundred academic papers both at home and abroad.

Researchers from CERNET and other partner organizations collaborated on the study program for computer information network and its application in the "State Key Sci-tech Breakthrough Project during Ninth Five-Year Plan Period".

The on-line enrollment and admission system played a crucial role in the 2000 admission season around the country, thanks to CERNET's support and guarantee.

CERNET enhances the information infrastructure in China, shortening the gap between China and the west in information industry, and plays a pioneer role in China's information initiative.

CERNET is a nationwide education and research network in China, providing a vast array of information resources in both English and Chinese. CERNET's information resources are accessible through the starting point www.edu.cn.

CERNET has seven categories of information, including university information, technical/specialized topics, international sports events, hot topics for the general public, libraries with html interface, electronic magazines, and mirror sites. These categories provide a wealth of information on various subjects.

University information on CERNET contains university history, departments, courses, and related information, making it a valuable resource for students and researchers. For example, the China University of Posts and Telecommunications provides information on its history, departments, and courses.

CERNET also offers information on technical/specialized topics, such as China's stamp collection, ancient Chinese poems, and China's water resources. This information is provided by experts in each field, ensuring its accuracy and reliability.

Hot topics for the general public on CERNET include Silk Road tourist information, Cantonese food recipes, and Chinese folk arts. These topics are updated regularly, ensuring that users have access to the latest information.

CERNET's information resources are not limited to text-based content. The network also provides access to libraries with html interface, such as Tsinghua University Library and Peking University Library.

Here are the seven categories of CERNET's information resources:

New information is added to CERNET's computer servers almost every day, ensuring that users have access to the latest information on a wide range of topics.

CERNET has been powered to allow access by most higher education institutions nationwide with backbone upgrades and expansions having been accomplished in eight regions.

The large-scale China Education Information System has been built up, and mirroring systems for discipline-specific information of famous overseas universities will soon be set up.

CERNET's high-speed backbone was started in 1999 to accommodate demands of distance learning programs as defined in the Education Revitalizing Initiative Oriented to 21st century.

By leveraging existing fiber infrastructure and resources from state and local treasuries, CERNET has completed 40% of the 20,000 km high-speed transmission link crossing 29 provincial capitals.

CERNET has also cut over the 2.5G high-speed trunks from Beijing via Wuhan to Guangzhou, and from Wuhan via Nanjing to Shanghai.

Some 40 to 50 universities and colleges have accessed CERNET's backbone at speeds of 10M to 100M.

CERNET's network construction emphasizes network security, with a focus on ensuring the normal operation of the network.

In 1999, CERNET set up China's first network contingency response center called CCERT, which has handled over 2000 network security cases to date.

CERNET is an important platform for China's remote learning initiative, and its technological power and network security features make it a pioneer in Internet study in China.

China and the Internet is a rapidly developing field, with over 190 networks registered under the country code CN. The APNIC database shows that 19 of these networks are self-defined as Internet service providers.

ChinaNet is a commercial Internet service offered by the China Ministry of Post and Telecommunication, with two nodes currently in Beijing and Shanghai. It's expected to expand its services and reach all provincial cities in China by mid-1996.

The China Academic Science Network (CASNET) operates the National Computation Facilities of China (NCFC) Network, linking over 100 research institutes in different cities across China. This network is a vital part of China's academic and scientific community.

There are several important issues related to China's Internet that require coordination between ISPs, including NAP establishment, NIC coordination, and NOC coordination. Information resource sharing, DNS naming standardization, Whois directory coordination, and URL directory compiling are also key areas of focus.

For another approach, see: PBS Satellite Service

CERNET is China's first and largest national academic Internet backbone, supported by the Chinese government and directly managed by the Ministry of Education.

It serves the universities, institutes, colleges, and schools all over China with its network infrastructure.

The JUCC and CERNET signed an agreement in November 2003 to upgrade the HARNET-CERNET connection to 155Mbps.

This upgrade enabled direct and good connectivity for research and academic collaboration between HARNET members in Hong Kong and CERNET members in China Mainland.

A collocation router set up in Hong Kong connects HARNET to CERNET's Northern China Regional Network Centre in Beijing.